Tabbacin furotin na jini na kamuwa da cutar zazzaɓin Rift Valley da abubuwan haɗari tsakanin raƙuma masu tozo ɗaya ( Camelus dromedarius ) a Arewacin Nijeriya 

Tsakure

ShimfiƊda

 Zazzaɓin Rift Valley (ZRV) cuta ce ta dabbobi mai yaɗuwa ga mutane wacce ta fara kunno kai kuma tana sake ɓullowa a wasu yankuna na duniya, tana cutar da dabbobi da kuma mutane.

Raƙuma masu tozo ɗaya, nau’o’in dabbobi ne masu mahimmanci ga tattalin arziki a Afirka da ake amfani da su don huɗa da sufuri da kuma abinci.

Kasuwancin yanki da na ƙasa-da-ƙasa na ci gaba da ƙara haɗarin wannan cuta, tare da yaɗuwa a faɗaɗe da kuma haifar da munanan bala’o’in tattalin arziki da lafiyar al’umma a yankunan da abin ya shafa.

Duk da wannan haɗurra, akwai ƙarancin bayanai game da matsayin ZRV a cikin raƙuma a Nijeriya.

An gudanar da wannan binciken ne domin gano yadda ƙwayar cutar ta ZRV take yaɗuwa a cikin raƙuma masu tozo ɗaya a Nijeriya da kuma gano abubuwan haɗari da ke tattare da cutar.

Hanyoyi

 An gudanar da wani nazari mai zurfi na sasaa tare da samfurin bazuwar a ƙananan hukumomi bakwai na jihohin Jigawa da kuma Katsina.

An gwada jini daga raƙuman don gano mai-hana RVFV IgG.

An ba wa masu raƙuman takardar tambayoyin da aka tsara don sanin iliminsu da halayensu da kuma aikinsu.

Sakamako

 An ƙididdige ɗaukacin yaɗuwar da kashi 19.9% (95% CI; 17.07-22.90).

Dangane da rukunin shekaru, an samu mafi girma na 20.9% (95% CI; 17.00-25.31) na yaɗuwar a tsakanin tsofaffin raƙuma (shekaru 6 zuwa10), yayin da raƙuma mata sun sami yawan adadin kamuwa 20.4% (95%CI; 15.71-25.80).

Sule Tankar-kar ya samu kason kamuwa kashi 33% (95% CI; 1.31-4.72, p= 0.007) da kuma OR 2.47 a jihar Jigawa a yayin da Mai’adua ta samu kashi 24.7% (95% CI; 0.97-2.73, p=0.030). da OR 1.62 a jihar Katsina.

Daga taswirar haɗarin, ƙananan hukumomin da suke kan iyaka da Jamhuriyar Nijar sun fi kasancewa cikin haɗarin ZRV.

Ruwan sama mai yawa ne kawai ba a danganta shi da faruwar ZRV tsakanin makiyayan raƙuma ba (95%CI 0.93-5.20; p=0.070).

Ana buƙatar tsauraran matakan kan iyaka don shawo kan zazzaɓin Rift Valley a cikin raƙuman Nijeriya

 Zazzaɓin Rift Valley (ZRV) na iya lalata lafiya da tattalin arziki ’yan Nijeriya da suka dogara da raƙuma.

Masu bincike sun yi taswirar yadda wannan cuta take yaɗuwa a yankin, kuma sun ce wucewa da dabbobi a kan iyakoki na kawo babban haɗarin yaɗuwa.

Raƙuma masu tozo ɗaya muhimman nau’o’in dabbobi ne na tattalin arziki a Afirka da ake amfani da su don huɗa da sufuri da abinci, amma kamar mutane da sauran dabbobi, suna da rauni ga kamuwa da ZRV, zazzaɓin hawan jini mai saurin kisa.

 Kasuwancin yanki da na ƙasa-da-ƙasa da ke yaɗa cutar ya haifar da mummunar bala'in tattalin arziki da lafiyar jama'a a cikin raƙuma a Nijeriya.

Abin baƙin ciki shi ne, sa-ido ga ZRV a yawancin ƙasashen Afirka yana da iyaka, kuma annobar cutar na iya zama ba a lura da ita ba, don haka, ba a gano ta bisa kuskure kuma akwai ƙarancin rahoto game da ita.

Hasali ma, Nijeriya ba ta bayar da rahoton ɓullar cutar zazzaɓin Rift Valley ba, duk da cewa an gano ƙwayar cutar a cikin samfurin jini a jinsunan dabbobi daban-daban.Amma har yanzu ba a gano ta a cikin raƙuma ba; don haka, wannan binciken ya zayyana taswirar yadda ƙwayar cutar ta ZRV take yaɗuwa a cikin raƙuma masu tozo ɗaya a Nijeriya, da kuma gano abubuwan haɗari da ke tattare da cutar.

 Masu bincike sun gudanar da wani nazari mai zurfi a sasaan ƙananan hukumomi bakwai na jihohin Jigawa da kuma Katsina.

Sun tattara samfuran jini daga raƙuma kuma sun gwada su don gano sinadaran furotin da suke nuna kasancewar ZRV.

 Sun gano cewa akwai sinadaran furotin masu hana ZRV a cikin kashi 19.9% na raƙuma a jihohi biyu na Arewacin Nijeriya.

Waɗannan jahohin dai na da iyaka da Jamhuriyar Nijar, wadda a kwanan nan ta bayar da rahoton ɓullar cutar.

Binciken ya gano cewa tsofaffin raƙuma, masu shekaru 6 zuwa 10, sun fi saurin kamuwa, inda kashi 20.9% ke da ƙwayoyin sinadaran furotin masu hana ZRV a cikin samfuran jininsu.

 Masu binciken sun nuna cewa raƙuman da suke cikin Sule Tankar-kar sun fi yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar ta ZRV sau 2.47 fiye da yadda ba a samu, wanda ya kai kashi 33%.

Binciken ya gano cewa, abin da ya fi kawo haɗari shi ne ƙaruwar zirga-zirgar raƙuma daga Nijeriya zuwa ƙasashe maƙwabta da kuma komawa Nijeriya.

Waɗannan lambobin sun yi ƙasa da na binciken da aka yi a baya a wasu ƙasashe, kamar Jamhuriyar Nijar (47.5%) da Mauritania (45%), da kuma Tanzaniya (38.5%).

Duk da haka, masu binciken sun ce ya kamata ƙasar Nijeriya ta yi la’akari da kafa wuraren keɓewa a kan iyakokinta domin a yi wa dabbobin da suke zuwa daga ƙasashe maƙwabtanta gwajin cututtuka masu yaɗuwa a kan iyaka kamar ZRV.